albfneto
(usa openSUSE)
Enviado em 24/09/2014 - 12:04h
olha, vejo um problema meio sério aí...
vc trocou as permissões da /etc toda...
primeiro, as pasta /etc é do root, nela estão as configs do sistema...
as permissões dos subdiretórios, pastas internas... podem NÂO SER iguais..
quem é que garante que as pastas internas e arquivos do /etc, tem a mesma permissão dela?
precisaria voltar as permissões ao normal, acho. Poderá ter problema em outros arquivos.
para ajudar, embora outro linux, minhas permissões de meu sudoers, são:
440
aqui minhas permissões de cada arquivo e pasta do /etc, mas é sabayon...mas vc pode ter uma idéia. Para isso usei ulcomando, um script, que mostra um ls completo com permissões em notação comum e em octal, eu acho prático:
ls -l | awk '{k=0;for(i=0;i<=8;i++)k+=((substr($1,i+2,1)~/[rwx]/)*2^(8-i));if(k)printf("%0o ",k);print}'
total 1513
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 a2ps
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 128 Set 10 15:45 acpi
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 47 Jul 25 22:19 adjtime
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Set 10 15:46 adobe
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 aimsniff
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 alternatives
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 160 Set 10 15:47 apache2
755 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 184 Mar 27 2011 apm
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Mar 28 2009 ardour2
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mar 27 2011 asound.state
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 186 Fev 10 2013 atmsigd.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 88 Mai 3 13:29 at-spi2
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 216 Jul 25 20:54 avahi
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3770 Dez 18 2012 axelrc
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 104 Mai 3 13:02 bash
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 120 Jul 25 20:51 bash_completion.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 112 Mar 27 2011 beagle
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 88 Mai 3 12:58 binfmt.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1304 Mar 28 2012 blkid.tab
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1304 Mar 28 2012 blkid.tab.old
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 208 Jul 30 13:31 bluetooth
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 96 Ago 18 2011 bonobo-activation
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Set 10 14:55 ca-certificates
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7403 Ago 18 02:39 ca-certificates.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Jul 30 13:31 cifs-utils
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Mai 3 14:12 compizconfig
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 2656 Set 24 11:59 conf.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 config-archive
755 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 136 Jul 5 2013 ConsoleKit
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 312 Jul 23 13:50 copia.wicd
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 120 Set 10 15:39 cron.d
750 drwxr-x--- 2 root root 200 Mai 16 13:55 cron.daily
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 220 Out 20 2013 cron.deny
750 drwxr-x--- 2 root root 96 Mar 27 2011 cron.hourly
750 drwxr-x--- 2 root root 96 Mar 27 2011 cron.monthly
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 608 Out 20 2013 crontab
750 drwxr-x--- 2 root root 120 Set 10 15:39 cron.weekly
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Mai 13 2011 crypttab
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2105 Set 24 11:59 csh.env
755 drwxr-xr-x 6 root lp 528 Set 24 08:13 cups
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 88 Mai 3 14:21 cupshelpers
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 168 Set 10 15:49 dbus-1
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 96 Set 10 14:54 dconf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 176 Jul 25 21:10 default
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Mai 16 14:00 dfs
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 112 Mai 3 17:56 dhcp
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1150 Ago 4 08:24 dhcpcd.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 42 Jun 23 2013 dhcpcd.duid
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4695 Mar 5 2013 DIR_COLORS
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 discover.conf.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2109 Mai 13 11:01 dispatch-conf.conf
360 d-wxrwS--t 2 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 distcc
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 416 Ago 25 21:34 dmtab
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25817 Ago 25 20:24 dnsmasq.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 dpkg
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3095 Set 8 06:26 drirc
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 138 Set 8 08:57 e2fsck.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 120 Jul 25 18:53 eclean
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Set 24 11:55 eixrc
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Dez 13 2009 ekiga
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Set 10 15:50 enlightenment
775 drwxrwxr-x 10 root entropy 1040 Jul 25 22:26 entropy
755 drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 1680 Set 24 11:57 env.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 97 Jun 3 18:23 environment
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Mar 14 2009 esd
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 112 Jan 31 2013 eselect
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2000 Mai 13 11:01 etc-update.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 66 Set 22 09:48 exports
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 88 Set 24 11:59 exports.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Jan 31 2013 fcoe
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Mar 13 2009 festival
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 399 Abr 5 2007 filesystems
755 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 232 Jul 25 21:04 fonts
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Nov 17 2013 fprintd.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 712 Set 10 15:44 fstab
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 216 Nov 24 2013 fuse.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2584 Mai 29 18:29 gai.conf
750 drwxr-x--- 3 root games 80 Jul 25 19:58 games
777 drwxrwxrwx 7 root root 208 Jul 25 21:29 gconf
755 drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 224 Jul 25 20:04 gdm
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8087 Jul 8 17:47 genkernel.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 gensync
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Fev 7 2013 gentoo-release
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Jul 25 18:51 geoclue
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1204 Nov 3 2013 GeoIP.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1204 Nov 3 2013 GeoIP.conf.default
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jan 31 2013 ggz.modules
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 gimp
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 gnome
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 96 Jul 25 20:06 gnome-vfs-2.0
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10793 Out 12 2009 gnome-vfs-mime-magic
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 152 Mai 3 12:45 gpm
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 86 Jun 19 2013 gpu-detector.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 104 Mai 5 2012 gre.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1408 Mai 3 16:56 group
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1396 Mai 3 13:42 group-
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 280 Jul 25 21:10 grub.d
400 -r-------- 1 root root 1182 Mai 3 16:56 gshadow
400 -r-------- 1 root root 1173 Mai 3 13:42 gshadow-
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 840 Dez 10 2012 gssapi_mech.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 gtk
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 168 Jul 25 21:27 gtk-2.0
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 120 Jul 25 21:27 gtk-3.0
755 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 136 Mar 27 2011 hal
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1215 Abr 5 2010 hba.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Mai 3 16:59 highlight
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 935 Jul 25 21:16 host.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1138 Jul 6 2011 hosts
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 585 Fev 27 2012 hosts.allow
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 102 Fev 10 2013 hosts.atm
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1138 Jul 6 2011 hosts.baselayout_ebuild_backup
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1061 Abr 5 2007 hosts.example
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 776 Jul 25 20:35 hotplug
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 120 Mar 27 2011 hotplug.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Jul 25 21:05 hp
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 184 Ago 15 2011 htdig
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3580 Mar 17 2014 idmapd.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 456 Set 10 15:23 ImageMagick-6
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 184 Jul 25 20:39 imlib
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 7176 Set 24 11:59 init.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4784 Jul 27 21:38 init.d.copia
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 816 Jul 8 17:47 initramfs.mounts
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1894 Mar 18 2014 inittab
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1855 Fev 14 2010 inputrc
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 264 Jun 23 2013 iproute2
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 192 Out 1 2013 iscsi
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 30 Abr 5 2007 issue
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 701 Abr 5 2007 issue.logo
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 136 Jun 23 2013 java-config-2
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 438 Mar 2 2006 kdc.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 112 Mai 3 12:58 kernel
755 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 224 Set 10 15:44 kernels
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 541 Mar 2 2006 krb5.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 479 Ago 24 23:34 krb5.conf.example
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 104 Mar 27 2011 kvm
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1175 Out 17 2004 labrea.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 104 Set 10 14:56 layman
440 -r--r----- 1 root root 261 Jun 4 10:43 ldap.conf.sudo
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 331168 Set 24 11:59 ld.so.cache
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 574 Set 10 15:26 ld.so.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 128 Ago 12 2013 ld.so.conf.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 libgda
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 104 Ago 16 2011 libgda-3.0
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 104 Jan 31 2013 libgda-4.0
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 96 Jul 25 19:04 libnl
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Mar 28 2012 libsmbios
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2391 Jun 4 06:43 libuser.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 libvirt
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 208 Jul 25 21:31 lightdm
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 725 Abr 15 2005 limits
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 88 Mai 3 14:16 lirc
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Mai 3 12:50 local.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 91 Ago 16 2011 locale.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 780 Set 18 2012 locale.gen
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 780 Ago 16 2011 locale.gen~
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1175 Jan 20 2013 locale.nopurge
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1187 Ago 16 2011 locale.nopurge~
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2015 Set 10 15:45 localtime
600 -rw------- 1 root root 2058 Abr 15 2005 login.access
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10522 Mar 13 2013 login.defs
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 872 Out 26 2013 logrotate.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 424 Set 24 11:55 logrotate.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 21 Fev 7 2013 lsb-release
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 120 Set 10 15:39 lvm
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 288 Jul 25 20:24 lxdm
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 159567 Jun 4 05:53 lynx.cfg
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3581 Jun 4 05:53 lynx.lss
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 33 Jul 7 2011 machine-id
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 104 Jun 23 2013 mail
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2235 Mar 24 2013 mailcap
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 125 Jul 22 2012 mail.rc
777 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Jun 24 2013 make.conf -> portage/make.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3775 Jul 16 2011 make.conf~
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3342 Mar 29 2011 make.conf.orig
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 696 Ago 2 2011 makedev.d
777 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 40 Set 22 2012 make.globals -> ../usr/share/portage/config/make.globals
777 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 56 Set 24 11:19 make.profile -> ../usr/portage/profiles/default/linux/amd64/13.0/desktop
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 40 Mai 11 11:59 make.profile.copia
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 349 Mai 13 12:22 make.profile,copia2
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 339 Mai 13 11:44 make.profile.copia4
777 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 50 Mar 27 2011 make.profile.entropy_old -> ../usr/portage/profiles/default/linux/amd64/2008.0
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5180 Mar 30 13:09 man_db.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 104 Ago 28 2012 matecomponent-activation
755 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 216 Jan 31 2013 mateconf
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Jul 25 20:28 mate-settings-daemon
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Jan 31 2013 mate-vfs-2.0
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10862 Ago 22 2012 mate-vfs-mime-magic
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 104 Jun 16 2012 matew
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2689 Ago 25 21:36 mdadm.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Set 24 11:57 mercurial
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 99960 Out 21 2006 mime-magic.dat
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 65355 Out 21 2012 mime.types
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 510 Out 28 2005 minimal.motd.txt
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 956 Set 8 08:57 mke2fs.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 237 Mai 12 15:08 mlocate-cron.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 360 Set 10 15:48 modprobe.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6215 Abr 22 2006 modprobe.devfs
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6215 Nov 4 2005 modprobe.devfs.old
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 241 Mai 5 2012 modules.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7868 Abr 16 2006 modules.conf.old
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 112 Mar 27 2011 modules.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 88 Mai 3 12:58 modules-load.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 200 Mai 3 17:40 mono
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 5 2004 motd
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 144 Set 10 15:29 mplayer
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Fev 16 2014 mplayer2
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 168 Mai 3 14:27 mrxvt
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1828 Set 24 08:13 mtab
600 -rw------- 1 root albfneto 0 Mar 27 2011 mtab.fuselock
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Mai 3 17:21 mtools
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20071 Jan 29 2014 multipath.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 104 Set 10 14:57 mysql
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8144 Ago 4 03:24 nanorc
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 nas
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Jun 1 2011 ndiswrapper
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Nov 2 2004 nessus
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 767 Ago 11 06:08 netconfig
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 120 Set 10 15:35 NetworkManager
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 231 Out 12 2007 networks
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1158 Mai 29 18:29 nscd.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 523 Mar 7 2008 nsswitch.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2496 Set 20 2012 ntp.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1517 Fev 16 2011 ntp.conf.orig
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6 Set 10 18:18 ntp.drift
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 120 Set 24 11:55 obex-data-server
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Set 10 15:47 OpenCL
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jun 5 2005 opengl
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 352 Set 10 15:12 openldap
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 21732 Ago 25 01:18 opensc.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 opt
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 188 Fev 7 2013 os-release
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 136 Set 10 14:52 PackageKit
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 1832 Set 10 15:36 pam.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 216 Jul 25 21:09 pam_pkcs11
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 panda
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 128 Jul 25 22:30 pango
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3 Nov 11 2013 papersize
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Mar 28 2009 partimaged
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3097 Mai 3 16:56 passwd
600 -rw------- 1 root root 3027 Mai 3 13:42 passwd-
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 112 Set 10 15:37 pcmcia
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 penggy
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 php
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 88 Set 10 14:53 pkcs11
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Set 10 15:38 plymouth
755 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 120 Jul 25 21:18 pm
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Mar 27 2011 PolicyKit
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Mai 3 12:59 polkit-1
755 drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 720 Set 10 15:40 portage
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2988 Mai 8 2012 portato.cfg
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 168 Set 10 15:21 postfix
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Mar 28 2009 povray
755 drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 656 Set 10 15:30 ppp
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1009 Set 24 11:59 prelink.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Mai 13 11:03 prelink.conf.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5330 Set 23 2012 preload.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 314 Jun 26 2013 printcap
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 dnsmasq root 80 Mar 27 2011 privoxy
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2218 Jul 3 2011 profile
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 216 Set 1 01:03 profile.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2107 Set 24 11:59 profile.env
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 proftpd
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6108 Jun 20 2009 protocols
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 176 Jul 25 20:51 pulse
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 136 Set 10 15:07 pxs
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 112 Jul 25 19:14 qt4
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Mar 28 2009 radiusclient
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8247 Mai 3 12:50 rc.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 183 Abr 27 14:48 report.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 200 Mai 3 17:17 report.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16701 Mar 29 2011 repositories.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1787 Jun 3 14:52 request-key.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 144 Set 24 11:59 request-key.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Mar 27 2011 resolvconf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 68 Set 24 08:14 resolv.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 254 Jul 14 2013 resolvconf.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 200 Set 10 15:46 revdep-rebuild
755 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 263 Ago 4 03:06 rmt
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1634 Mai 29 18:29 rpc
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 405 Jul 7 14:44 rsyncd.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 224 Mai 3 12:50 runit
755 drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 200 Mar 27 2011 runlevels
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 96 Mai 3 17:48 sabayon
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 34 Mar 17 2011 sabayon-edition
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 18335 Mar 17 2011 sabayon-pkglist
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 176 Mai 3 13:39 samba
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2278 Jun 7 2013 sandbox.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 176 Set 10 15:04 sandbox.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 2336 Jun 4 07:55 sane.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 176 Set 10 15:21 sasl2
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 96 Mai 3 17:52 scim
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10412 Ago 24 23:58 screenrc
600 -rw------- 1 root root 262 Mar 13 2013 securetty
755 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 456 Jul 25 21:17 security
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 32 Jul 25 2006 sedwlXxdq
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 10191 Set 22 2013 sensors3.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Nov 1 2009 sensors.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 36141 Jun 26 2009 services
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 752 Mar 29 2012 sgml
600 -rw------- 1 root root 1515 Mai 3 16:56 shadow
600 -rw------- 1 root root 1496 Mai 3 13:42 shadow-
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 128 Out 3 2009 shells
755 drwxr-xr-x 18 root root 864 Set 10 15:35 skel
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 9053 Abr 7 09:48 slp.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1185 Abr 7 09:48 slp.reg
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2707 Abr 7 09:48 slp.spi
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1437 Mai 21 17:27 slsh.rc
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6739 Ago 11 06:54 smartd.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Ago 11 06:54 smartd_warning.d
755 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 5847 Ago 11 06:54 smartd_warning.sh
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 smbldap-tools
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 88 Set 10 15:29 snmp
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 socks
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Set 10 15:21 sound
777 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 22 Mar 27 2011 spamassassin -> /etc/mail/spamassassin
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 128 Set 10 14:51 speech-dispatcher
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 128 Jul 28 15:26 splash
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 136 Set 10 15:35 ssh
755 drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 200 Set 10 15:04 ssl
440 -r--r----- 1 root root 759 Mar 27 2011 sudoers
750 drwxr-x--- 2 root root 72 Jan 12 2014 sudoers.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Set 18 2004 svgalib
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1458 Mai 15 2007 sysctl.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 104 Mai 3 12:58 sysctl.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 136 Set 10 14:52 syslog-ng
755 drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 320 Jul 25 21:03 systemd
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 t1lib
755 drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 216 Mai 3 12:44 terminfo
755 drwxr-xr-x 16 root root 456 Jul 25 18:55 texmf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 17 Mai 13 2011 timezone
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 669 Mai 5 11:10 timidity.cfg
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 120 Set 10 14:55 tmpfiles.d
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 647 Abr 21 00:23 ts.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 tvtime
755 drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 240 Jul 25 21:08 udev
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4138 Mar 18 2014 udhcpd.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Ago 30 2012 udisks2
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 193 Out 28 2005 universal.motd.txt
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 964 Mai 12 15:08 updatedb.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 35 Set 18 2004 updfstab.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1038 Set 18 2004 updfstab.conf.default
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Set 10 15:45 UPower
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 888 Jun 9 15:16 usb_modeswitch.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Fev 27 2012 usb_modeswitch.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 vbox
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 51 Jul 22 11:42 vdpau_wrapper.cfg
755 drwxr-xr-x 6 vdr vdr 328 Mai 3 17:09 vdr
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3456 Jan 4 2014 verynice.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 vga
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 vhosts
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 72 Set 10 14:54 vim
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4795 Jun 4 05:48 wgetrc
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 382 Set 8 07:49 whois.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 312 Set 24 08:12 wicd
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Jun 22 2013 wimax
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 48 Jul 14 2010 wine-doors
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 80 Jun 24 2013 Wireless
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 72 Jul 25 21:06 wireless-regdb
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Jul 27 20:38 wlan
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1121 Mai 25 2002 wmcalc.conf
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1777 Jan 24 2008 wmtzrc
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 208 Jul 25 21:06 wpa_supplicant
755 drwxr-xr-x 19 root root 856 Set 24 11:57 X11
755 drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 512 Set 24 11:52 xdg
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 144 Set 10 15:10 xinetd.d
755 drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 288 Nov 3 2013 xml
644 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 71 Jul 27 22:02 yp.conf
755 drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 264 Jul 25 21:12 zfs
note que as coisas do meu /etc, internas, tem permissões as mais diversas.
Em todo o caso, como izaías falou, tem de fazer senha de root primeiro
maneira correta d efazer o que vc queria, editar arquivo em /etc/apache:
usando sudo gráfico, abrir ser arquivo:
$ gksudo gedit /etc/apache/arquivo_que_queria_editar
então editava e salvava sem mudar permissão.
Cuidado com permissões de arquivos de sistema.