2. Softwares para um computador desktop

2.1 Softwares básicos

hdparm - tune hard disk parameters for high performance (logo após, digitei: hdparm -c1 -d1 /dev/hda)
linhdd - GTK frontend for cfdisk/df/hdparm/mkfs
gcc - The GNU C compiler
make - The GNU version of the "make" utility
bin86 - 16-bit x86 assembler and loader
g++ - The GNU C++ compiler
g77 - The GNU Fortran 77 compiler
libc6 - GNU C Library: Shared libraries
libc6-dev - GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Header Files
locales - GNU C Library: National Language (locale) data [support]
modconf - Device Driver Configuration
sysv-rc-conf - SysV init runlevel configuration tool for the terminal (configura os serviços que iniciam com o Debian. Outros: rcconf, sysv-rc, file-rc)
xdialog - X11 replacement for the text util dialog
desktop-base - common files for the Debian Desktop
configure-debian - central configuration program for packages using debconf
build-essential - informational list of build-essential packages
linux-headers-2.6.18-6-686 - Header files for Linux 2.6.18 on PPro/Celeron/PII/PIII/P4
gcc-3.3-base - The GNU Compiler Collection (base package)
libstdc++5 - The GNU Standard C++ Library v3

2.2 Editores de texto

nano - free Pico clone with some new features
vim - Vi IMproved - enhanced vi editor
mc - midnight commander - a powerful file manager

2.3 Modo gráfico

x-window-system - transitional package for Debian etch
xbase-clients - miscellaneous X clients (por causa do xvidtune)
xfonts-75dpi - 75 dpi fonts for X
gdm - GNOME Display Manager
gdm-themes - Themes for the GNOME Display Manager
msttcorefonts - Installer for Microsoft TrueType core fonts

2.4 Emuladores de terminal

eterm - Enlightened Terminal Emulator
eterm-themes - Themes for Eterm, the Enlightened Terminal Emulator
xterm - X terminal emulator
xtermcontrol - dynamic configuration of xterm properties
konsole - X terminal emulator for KDE

2.5 Gerenciadores de janela

2.5.1 KDE

kde-core - the K Desktop Environment core modules
kdebase - base components from the official KDE release
kdelibs - core libraries from the official KDE release
kdeartwork - themes, styles and more from the official KDE release
kde-extras - extra applications for use with KDE
kdeadmin - system administration tools from the official KDE release
kdeprint - print system for KDE
kdeaccessibility - accessibility packages from the official KDE release
kdeaddons - add-on plugins and applets provided with KDE
kdebluetooth - KDE Bluetooth Framework
kdewallpapers - wallpapers released with KDE
kdegames - games from the official KDE release
kdegraphics - graphics apps from the official KDE release
kdelirc - infrared control for KDE
kdemultimedia - multimedia apps from the official KDE release
kdenetwork - network-related apps from the official KDE release
kdepasswd - password changer for KDE
kdepim - Personal Information Management apps from the official KDE release
kdeutils - general purpose utilities from the official KDE release
kdetoys - toys from the official KDE release
kdetv - TV viewer for KDE
kdesktop - miscellaneous binaries and files for the KDE desktop
kde-icons-crystal - Crystal icon theme for KDE
kde-icons-crystalclear - Everaldo"s "Crystal Clear" icon theme for KDE
kde-icons-gorilla - Yellowish gorilla icons for kde
kde-icons-korilla - Blue version of the gorilla icons for kde
kde-icons-noia - Noia icon theme for KDE 3
kde-icons-nuovext - nuoveXT icon theme for KDE
kde-icons-nuvola - Nuvola icon theme for KDE3
kde-style-comix - Comix flat style for KDE
kde-style-klearlook - Clone of GNOME"s Clearlooks theme for KDE
kde-style-lipstik - Lipstik style for KDE3
kde-style-polyester - Polyester widget style and kwin decoration for KDE3
kde-style-serenity - serenity widget style for KDE
kwin-style-serenity
kde-wallpapers-lineartreworked - Some reworks of the lineart background that comes with KDE 3.4
kde-amusements - the K Desktop Environment games and toys modules
kde-i18n-ptbr - Brazilian Portuguese (pt_BR) internationalized (i18n) files for KDE
kcalc - calculator for KDE
kicker-applets - applets for Kicker, the KDE panel
konq-plugins - plugins for Konqueror, the KDE file/web/doc browser
knotes - KDE sticky notes
kmix - sound mixer applet for KDE
klipper - clipboard utility for KDE
kdeartwork-emoticons - emoticon collections for KDE chat clients
k3b - A sophisticated KDE CD burning application
cdparanoia - audio extraction tool for sampling CDs

2.5.2 Gnome

gnome-themes - official themes for the GNOME 2 desktop
gnome-themes-extras - various themes for the GNOME 2 desktop

2.5.3 WindowMaker

wmaker - NeXTSTEP-like window manager for X
wmaker-data - Several free icons for use with WindowMaker and others.
wmakerconf - GTK+ based configuration tool for Window Maker
wmakerconf-data - Data files for wmakerconf, a configuration tool for Window Maker
wmbiff - A dockable app that displays information about mailboxes
wmcalc - Dockable calculator application
wmcdplay - A CD player based on ascd designed for WindowMaker
wmclock - A dockable clock applet for Window Maker
wmcpuload - Dockapp that displays the current CPU usage
wmdiskmon - dockapp to display disk usage
wmfire - very cool fiery way of showing your CPU usage
wmfsm - WindowMaker dock app for monitoring filesystem usage
wmifs - WindowMaker dock app for monitoring network traffic
wmmemload - WindowMaker dock app to monitor memory and swap usage
wmmixer - A mixer application designed for WindowMaker
wmmoonclock - WindowMaker moon phase dockapp
wmnd - Dockapp monitoring network interfaces
wmnet - Network monitor for WindowMaker
wmsysmon - WindowMaker dock-app for monitoring your system
wmtimer - A dockable alarm clock for WindowMaker

2.5.4 BlackBox

blackbox - Window manager for X
blackbox-themes - Themes for the Blackbox Windowmanager

2.5.5 IceWM

icewm - wonderful Win95-OS/2-Motif-like window manager
icewm-themes - Theme files for the Ice Window Manager
icewm-common - wonderful Win95-OS/2-Motif-like window manager
icewm-gnome-support - GNOME support files for IceWM
iceconf - Configuration tool for icewm
icemc - Editor for IceWM menus

2.5.6 Fluxbox

fluxbox - Highly configurable and low resource X11 Window manager
fluxconf - FluxBox configuration utility

2.5.7 XFce

xfce4 - Meta-package for the Xfce Lightweight Desktop Environment
xfce4-appfinder - Application finder for the Xfce4 Desktop Environment
xfce4-artwork - additional artwork for the Xfce4 Desktop Environment
xfce4-battery-plugin - battery monitor plugin for the Xfce4 panel
xfce4-clipman-plugin - clipboard history plugin for the Xfce4 panel
xfce4-cpufreq-plugin - cpufreq information plugin for the Xfce4 panel
xfce4-cpugraph-plugin - CPU load graph plugin for the Xfce4 panel
xfce4-diskperf-plugin - disk performance display plugin for the Xfce4 panel
xfce4-fsguard-plugin - filesystem monitor plugin for the Xfce4 panel
xfce4-genmon-plugin - Generic Monitor for the Xfce4 panel
xfce4-goodies - enhancements for the Xfce4 Desktop Environment
xfce4-icon-theme - Xfce Standard icon theme
xfce4-mcs-manager - Settings manager for Xfce4
xfce4-mcs-plugins - Special modules for the xfce4-mcs-manager
xfce4-mixer - Xfce4 Mixer frontend
xfce4-mixer-alsa - Xfce4 Mixer ALSA backend
xfce4-netload-plugin - network load monitor plugin for the Xfce4 panel
xfce4-notes-plugin - Notes plugin for the Xfce4 desktop
xfce4-panel - The Xfce4 desktop environment panel
xfce4-sensors-plugin - hardware sensors plugin for the Xfce4 panel
xfce4-session - Xfce4 Session Manager
xfce4-utils - Various tools for Xfce
xfce4-xmms-plugin - xmms control plugin for the Xfce4 panel
xfprint4 - Printer GUI for Xfce4

2.5.8 qvwm

qvwm - Windows95-like window manager for X Window System

2.6 Compactadores e descompactadores de arquivos

unzip - De-archiver for .zip files
zip - Archiver for .zip files
rar - Archiver for .rar files
unrar-free - Unarchiver for .rar files
unrar - Unarchiver for .rar files (non-free version)
bzip2 - high-quality block-sorting file compressor - utilities
ark - graphical archiving tool for KDE

2.7 Aplicativos de escritório

acroread - Adobe Acrobat Reader: Portable Document Format file viewer
acroread-data - data files for acroread
acroread-debian-files - Debian specific parts of Adobe Acrobat Reader
xpdf - Portable Document Format (PDF) suite
xpdf-common - Portable Document Format (PDF) suite -- common files
xpdf-reader - Portable Document Format (PDF) suite -- viewer for X11
xpdf-utils - Portable Document Format (PDF) suite -- utilities
openoffice.org-writer - OpenOffice.org office suite - word processor
openoffice.org-calc - OpenOffice.org office suite - spreadsheet
openoffice.org-impress - OpenOffice.org office suite - presentation
openoffice.org-draw - OpenOffice.org office suite - drawing
openoffice.org-l10n-pt-br - Portuguese_brazilian language package for
abiword - WYSIWYG word processor based on GTK2
abiword-common - WYSIWYG word processor based on GTK2
abiword-gnome - WYSIWYG word processor based on GTK2/GNOME2
abiword-plugins - plugins for AbiWord
abiword-plugins-gnome - plugins for AbiWord (with GNOME dependency)
gnumeric - GNOME spreadsheet application
gnumeric-common - common files for Gnumeric, the GNOME spreadsheet application
gnumeric-doc - documentation for Gnumeric, the GNOME spreadsheet application
gnumeric-plugins-extra - additional plugins for the GNOME spreadsheet
libspreadsheet-writeexcel-perl - create Excel spreadsheets

2.8 Navegadores (browser)

lynx - Text-mode WWW Browser
iceweasel - lightweight web browser based on Mozilla
iceweasel-l10n-pt-br - Portuguese (Brazil) language package for Iceweasel
konqueror - KDE"s advanced file manager, web browser and document viewer
konqueror-nsplugins - Netscape plugin support for Konqueror
kmplayer-plugin - kmplayer plugin for khtml/konqueror

2.9 Clientes de email (MUA - Mail User Agent)

evolution - groupware suite with mail client and organizer
evolution-plugins - standard plugins for Evolution
kmail - KDE Email client
icedove - free/unbranded thunderbird mail client (antigo mozilla thunderbird)
icedove-gnome-support - GNOME support package for icedove/thunderbird
icedove-locale-pt-br - Portuguese, Brazil language package for IceDove

2.10 Áudio e vídeo

w32codecs - win32 binary codecs
dvdrip - perl front end for transcode
xvidcap - Screen video capture for X
sox - A universal sound sample translator
libdvdcss - para assistir dvd"s
lame - LAME Ain"t an MP3 Encoder
avidemux - a small editing software for avi (especially DivX)
mjpegtools - MJPEG video capture/editting/playback MPEG encoding
toolame - MPEG-1 layer 2 audio encoder
alsa-base - ALSA driver configuration files
alsa-utils - ALSA utilities
alsa-tools - Console based ALSA utilities for specific hardware
beep - Advanced pc-speaker beeper
ffmpeg - multimedia player, server and encoder
xmms - Versatile X audio player
xmms-kde - MP3 player integrated into the KDE panel
xmms-midi - MIDI plugin for XMMS
xmms-shell - XMMS Shell - Interface to control XMMS from the Console
xmms-wmdiscotux - Tux dancing to the music played by xmms
mpg123 - MPEG layer 1/2/3 audio player
mplayer - The Movie Player
mplayer-skin-blue - blue skin for mplayer
audacity - A fast, cross-platform audio editor
hydrogen - Simple drum machine/step sequencer
amarok - versatile and easy to use audio player for KDE
kaffeine - versatile media player for KDE
totem - A simple media player for the Gnome desktop (dummy package)
normalize-audio - adjust the volume of WAV files to a standard volume level
wav2cdr - Converts wav files into CD-ROM audio file format

2.11 Imagens

gqview - A simple image viewer using GTK+
gthumb - an image viewer and browser
imagemagick - Image manipulation programs
gimp - The GNU Image Manipulation Program
gimp-cbmplugs - plugins for The GIMP to import/export Commodore 64 files
gimp-data - Data files for The GIMP
gimp-data-extras - An extra set of brushes, palettes, and gradients for The GIMP
gimp-print - print plugin for the GIMP
gimp-svg - SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) plugin for The GIMP
gimp-texturize - generates large textures from a small sample
ksnapshot - screenshot utility for KDE
sodipodi - Vector based drawing program
inkscape - vector based drawing program
sketch - Interactive vector drawing program for X11
scribus - free software desktop page layout program
scribus-template - additional scribus templates
scribus-doc - english-language documentation for the internal help browser

2.12 Ferramentas de diagnóstico de hardware

gkrellm - The GNU Krell Monitors
gkrellkam - GKrellM plugin that displays a periodically updating image
gkrellm-alltraxclock - analog clock plugin for GKrellM
gkrellm-leds - Keyboard LED monitor for GKrellM
gkrellm-x86info - gkrellm plugin displaying the current processor speed
gkrellmwireless - 802.11 wireless link monitor plugin for GKrellM
gkrellshoot - Plugin for gkrellm to lock the screen and make screenshots
gkrellweather - A weather monitor plugin for GKrellM
lm-sensors - utilities to read temperature/voltage/fan sensors
karamba - A program improving the eyecandy of KDE
superkaramba - a program based on karamba improving the eyecandy of KDE
torsmo - system monitor that sits in the corner of your desktop
hwinfo - Hardware identification system
lshw - information about hardware configuration
lshw-gtk - information about hardware configuration
gksu - graphical frontend to su
gparted - GNOME partition editor
memtest86 - A thorough real-mode memory tester
sysutils - Miscellaneous small system utilities - dummy package
procinfo - Displays system information from /proc
discover - hardware identification system
mdetect - mouse device autodetection tool
hotplug - Linux Hotplug Scripts
udev - /dev/ and hotplug management daemon
dmidecode - Dump Desktop Management Interface data

2.13 Ferramentas diversas

cmatrix - Console Matrix simulates the display from "The Matrix"
cmatrix-xfont - X11 font for Console Matrix
figlet - Frank, Ian & Glenn"s Letters
linuxlogo - Color ANSI System Logo
gftp - X/GTK+ FTP client
gftp-gtk - X/GTK+ FTP client
amule - client for the eD2k and Kad networks, like eMule
amule-utils - utilities for aMule (command-line version)
amule-utils-gui - graphic utilities for aMule
umbrello - UML modelling tool and code generator
bluefish - advanced Gtk+ HTML editor
quanta - web development environment for KDE
kimagemapeditor - HTML image map editor for KDE
gkdebconf - Helper to reconfigure packages with Debconf
dia-gnome - Diagram editor (GNOME version)
dia2code - a dia-UML code generator
xt - A graphical traceroute
chkrootkit - Checks for signs of rootkits on the local system
snort - Flexible Network Intrusion Detection System
rkhunter - rootkit, backdoor, sniffer and exploit scanner
crack - Password guessing program

2.14 Emuladores de vídeo game

dgen - Sega Genesis/MegaDrive emulator
zsnes - Emulator of the Super Nintendo Entertainment System (TM)

2.15 Jogos

2.15.1 Frozen Bubble

fb-music-high - High quality, large music files for Frozen-Bubble
fb-music-low - Lower quality, small music files for Frozen-Bubble
frozen-bubble - Pop out the bubbles !
frozen-bubble-data - Data files for Frozen-Bubble
junior-puzzle - Debian Jr. Puzzles

2.15.2 Powermanga

powermanga - vertical shoot "em up with colourful 3D graphics
powermanga-data - graphics and audio data for powermanga

2.15.3 Pingus

pingus - Free Lemmings(TM) clone
pingus-data - Data files for pingus, a free Lemmings(TM) clone

2.15.4 SuperTux

supertux - Classic 2D jump "n run sidescroller with Tux
supertux-data - Levels for classic 2D jump "n run sidescroller with Tux

2.15.5 Xgalaga

xgalaga - X11 version of the famous Galaga game

2.15.6 Wesnoth

wesnoth - fantasy turn-based strategy game
wesnoth-data - data files for Wesnoth
wesnoth-editor - map editor for Wesnoth
wesnoth-ei - Eastern Invasion campaign for Wesnoth
wesnoth-httt - Heir to the Throne campaign for Wesnoth
wesnoth-music - music files for Wesnoth
wesnoth-server - multiplayer network server for Wesnoth
wesnoth-sotbe - Son of the Black Eye campaign for Wesnoth
wesnoth-tdh - The Dark Hordes campaign for Wesnoth
wesnoth-trow - The Rise of Wesnoth campaign for Wesnoth

2.15.7 kobodeluxe

kobodeluxe - a game of space battle

2.15.8 wormux

wormux - A funny fight game on 2D maps

2.15.9 trigger

trigger - free 3D rally racing car game

2.15.10 torcs

torcs - 3D racing cars simulator game using OpenGL
torcs-data-cars - data files for TORCS game - Cars set
torcs-data-tracks - data files for torcs game - Tracks set

2.15.11 supertuxkart

supertuxkart - a kart racing game

2.16 Mensagens instantâneas

kopete - instant messenger for KDE
konversation - user friendly Internet Relay Chat (IRC) client for KDE
xchat - IRC client for X similar to AmIRC
gaim - multi-protocol instant messaging client
gaim-guifications - toaster popups for gaim
gaim-themes - Smiley themes collection for gaim

2.17 Ferramentas de monitoramento de rede

knemo - network interfaces monitor for KDE"s systray. (Logo após acessar o Painel de Controle do KDE (kcontrol), clicar na opção "internet & network" e logo após clicar na opção "network monitor".)
nmap - The Network Mapper
firestarter - gtk program for managing and observing your firewall
sniffit - packet sniffer and monitoring too
hunt - Advanced packet sniffer and connection intrusion
ethereal - network traffic analyzer
icmpinfo - Interpret ICMP messages
ipac-ng - IP Accounting for iptables(kernel >=2.4)
iptraf - Interactive Colorful IP LAN Monito
lsof - List open files
ntop - display network usage in top-like format
tcpdump - A powerful tool for network monitoring and data acquisition
mrtg - multi router traffic grapher
nessusd - Remote network security auditor, the server
nessus - Remote network security auditor, the client
nessus-plugins - Nessus plugins
snort - Flexible Network Intrusion Detection System
snort-common - Flexible Network Intrusion Detection System [common files]
snort-doc - Documentation for the Snort IDS [documentation]
snort-mysql - Flexible Network Intrusion Detection System [MySQL]
snort-pgsql - Flexible Network Intrusion Detection System [PostgreSQL]
snort-rules-default - Flexible Network Intrusion Detection System ruleset
iptraf - Interactive Colorful IP LAN Monitor

2.18 Documentação

debian-reference-pt-br - Debian system administration guide, Portuguese translation
maint-guide-pt - Portuguese translation of Debian New Maintainers" Guide
quick-reference-pt-br - Debian system administration guide, Portuguese excerpt
apt-howto-pt-br - example-based guide to APT (Portuguese)
focalinux-html - A full GNU/Linux Portuguese guide (html format)

2.19 Outras tarefas

2.19.1 Melhorar a aparência das fontes

Depois de instalar o X Window System, KDE, Gnome etc, utilize o comando abaixo para melhorar as fontes dos menus e opções:

# dpkg-reconfigure fontconfig

e selecione a opção autohinter. O script executa toda a configuração necessária.

Logo após, instale o pacote abaixo:

gtk2-engines-gtk-qt - theme engine using Qt for GTK+ 2.x

Em vez disso, use um plugin do KDE Control Center chamado "GTK Styles and Fonts". Ele captura chamadas dos programas GTK, faz uma tradução e envia para a biblioteca Qt renderizar! TODO MUNDO que usa KDE deveria ter esse plugin no centro de controle, em vez de usar o Gnome Settings Daemon que é uma gambiarra sem tamanho. O nome "oficial" do módulo é Gtk-Qt Engine. Depois de instalado, ele fica no Centro de Controle do KDE, categoria "Aparência e Temas", item "GTK Styles and Fonts". O software faz parte do Freedesktop.org.

2.19.2 Instalar o Skype

Acessar o website: http://www.skype.com

Na página que surgir, veja a logomarca do Debian e clique no link chamado "Debian Etch" ou se você preferir, utilize o endereço abaixo para efetuar o download da versão mais atual do Skype:

http://www.skype.com/go/getskype-linux-deb

Efetue logon com o usuário root.

Acesse o diretório/pasta onde o arquivo "skype-debian_2.0.0.72-1_i386.deb" foi salvo. Logo após, vamos instalá-lo com o comando:

# dpkg -i skype-debian_2.0.0.72-1_i386.deb

Obs.: Caso apareça a mensagem:

Selecting previously deselected package skype.
(Reading database ... 136979 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking skype (from skype-debian_2.0.0.72-1_i386.deb) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of skype:
skype depends on libqt4-core (>= 4.2.1); however:
Package libqt4-core is not installed.
skype depends on libqt4-gui (>= 4.2.1); however:
Package libqt4-gui is not installed.
dpkg: error processing skype (--install):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
skype

Será necessário instalar os pacotes "libqt4-core" e "libqt4-gui". Para isso, digite:

# apt-get install libqt4-core libqt4-gui

Então para instalar o Skype, digite:

# dpkg -i skype-debian_2.0.0.72-1_i386.deb

Será exibida a seguinte mensagem:

(Reading database ... 137183 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to replace skype 2.0.0.72-1 (using skype-debian_2.0.0.72-1_i386.deb) ...
Unpacking replacement skype ...
Setting up skype (2.0.0.72-1) ...